physiotherapy techniques and approaches to patient treatment

Physiotherapy is thought to have originated in the 19th century, first discovered and documented by Per Henrick Ling. Its focus was on massage, manual muscle manipulation, and exercise. Since then, it has developed to embrace many physiotherapy treatments, techniques, and approaches, such as electrotherapy, all used to prevent or recover patients affected by illness, injury, or disability.

Three traditional techniques used by physiotherapists:

• Advice 
• Exercise 
• Manual therapy
• Electrotherapy 

Depending on the specific problem or ailment you’re experiencing, these physiotherapy techniques and preventative approaches can help to:

• Manage pain
• Increase motion
• Aid recovery
• Prevent further damage or disease

As we begin to return to the outdoors, work environments, and social or sporting activities, it’s helpful to know what physiotherapy treatments are available, the techniques used, and how to access physiotherapy.

The most common physiotherapy treatments 

Above, we listed the three main physiotherapy techniques and treatments physiotherapists often use. We will discuss this in more detail later.

Yet, many other treatments and approaches are also available to restore movement and function and improve overall health.

These additional treatments may be more appropriate than others when accessing physiotherapy.

• Manual therapy - Physiotherapists use their hands to stretch, manipulate, and mobilise soft tissue.
• Range of Motion (ROM) exercises- Exercises to improve your mobility, circulation and function.
• Electrotherapy- Electrotherapy is a non-invasive treatment using electrical energy passed through the skin via electrodes.
• Ultrasound- Ultrasound uses a high-frequency soundwave, sending fine vibrations through the body's cells.
• Ice and heat therapy—Heat or ice therapy can be applied nearly anywhere on the body where muscle tightness and pain are experienced.
• Acupuncture—This treatment is used for pain relief, reducing inflammation, and evoking the body's natural healing process for swifter recovery and rehabilitation.

Which physiotherapy technique is best for me? 

Physiotherapists always look for new, practical approaches and techniques to improve patient outcomes. 

Whether traditional methods or cutting-edge technology, when it comes to physiotherapy, there’s no right or wrong technique. It’s simply a matter of what’s suited to you and provides the best overall results.

Traditional physiotherapy treatment provides advice, exercise, and manual therapy to prevent or rehabilitate your illness, injury, or disability.

Treatment often follows a process such as this:

• Evaluation - whole-body health and history
• Activity - manipulation, exercises and stretches
• Education - instruction and advice 
• Intervention - a variety of therapies 
• Prevention - plans to improve overall health and reduce or prevent injury and disease. 

We will detail how this process is incorporated into the three main techniques provided by physiotherapists and discover how effective each approach can be.

Advice 

Most injuries, illnesses or disabilities do not only present difficulties when receiving a few hours of therapy. Outside of physiotherapy, we have that thing called ‘everyday life’! 

Unknowingly, our daily patterns can cause extra strain, stress, and difficulties for our bodies. For long-term solutions, Physiotherapists must advise patients of the underlying causes of their conditions or disorders.  

Understanding the full impact of their condition on activities and tasks allows patients to see better where changes in their day-to-day patterns will help with quicker recovery and better prevention.

Accessing physiotherapy advice and a dedicated physiotherapist can provide tailored guidance. You can ask any questions (no matter how personal or embarrassing) and be safe knowing that our physiotherapists are highly trained and provide a confidential service.

Advice will come in many forms and topics but may include:

• Postural correction
• Injury prevention
• Stretches/warmup activities
• Healthy diet
• Fall prevention
• Pain management

Exercise 

Getting everything moving can be a struggle, but physiotherapists highly recommend it.  

When muscles, joints, or connective tissues have endured too much, exercise is key to helping restore function and improve mobility.

In these cases, nothing helps to heal faster than the range of motion (ROM) and strengthening exercises. These exercises are specifically tailored to each patient, considering their physicality level pre and post-injury or illness.

Your physiotherapist will ensure that these exercises are challenging enough to promote recovery but gentle enough not to harm or cause further injury or pain.

Exercises will be varied for the specified use of:

• Target areas
• Whole-body
• Pain management
• Strengthening
• Flexibility 
• Balance

Exercise is used alongside other treatments to restore independence and maintain overall health.

Manual therapy 

Physiotherapists use manual therapy techniques to reduce pain, stiffness and swelling. 

Physiotherapists use their hands to stretch, manipulate, massage, and mobilise body tissue. They use this technique to help fluid drainage, increase movement, and promote relaxation.

Teamed with advice and exercise approaches, manual therapy is an effective treatment for acute injuries and chronic pain.

This technique is valuable when preparing patients for exercise. Soft tissue mobilisation (STM) is also an effective manual therapy for reducing scar tissues and allowing muscles and tendons to relax and recover.

Manual therapy techniques may include the following:

• Stretches
• Lymph drainage

• Soft tissue mobilisation

• Joint manipulation
• Joint mobilisation

Manual therapy can be used for conditions that don’t include joints, bones or muscles, such as lung conditions or long-term conditions that cause a spike in sleep or anxiety-related problems.

Frequently Asked Questions About Physiotherapy Techniques and Treatments

How long does a typical physiotherapy session last?

Most physiotherapy sessions last 30 to 60 minutes, depending on the complexity of your condition and the treatments required. Your initial assessment may take longer to evaluate your health history and current needs comprehensively.

Does insurance cover physiotherapy?

Many insurance plans cover physiotherapy, but coverage can vary. It's best to check with your insurance provider about specific coverage details, including the number of sessions allowed and any referral requirements from your primary care physician.

How often should I attend physiotherapy sessions?

The frequency of physiotherapy sessions depends on your individual condition and treatment plan. Some patients may initially need sessions 2-3 times a week, while others might benefit from weekly or bi-weekly appointments. Your physiotherapist will create a personalized treatment schedule based on your needs and progress.

Can physiotherapy help with chronic pain management?

Yes, physiotherapy can be highly effective for managing chronic pain. By combining manual therapy techniques, exercise therapy, and pain education, physiotherapists can help reduce pain intensity, improve function, and teach self-management strategies for long-term pain control.

What should I wear to a physiotherapy appointment?

Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothes that allow easy movement and access to the treated area. Shorts or yoga pants are ideal for lower body treatments, while a tank top or loose T-shirt works well for upper body treatments. Your physiotherapist may provide a gown if necessary for specific treatments.

Are there any risks associated with physiotherapy treatments?

Physiotherapy is generally considered safe when performed by a qualified professional. However, as with any medical treatment, minor risks such as temporary soreness or discomfort, can occur. Your physiotherapist will discuss any potential risks specific to your treatment plan and take necessary precautions to ensure your safety.

How soon can I expect to see results from physiotherapy?

The timeline for seeing results varies depending on your condition, adherence to the treatment plan, and individual factors. Some patients may experience improvement after a few sessions, while others might require several weeks or months of treatment. Your physiotherapist will regularly assess your progress and adjust your treatment plan.

Can I continue my regular exercise routine while undergoing physiotherapy?

It depends on your condition and treatment plan. Your physiotherapist will advise you on which activities are safe to continue and which ones you should modify or avoid temporarily. They may also provide specific exercises to complement your routine and support rehabilitation.

How does physiotherapy differ from chiropractic care?

While physiotherapy and chiropractic care aim to improve physical function and reduce pain, they use different approaches. Physiotherapists focus on various treatments, including exercise therapy, manual therapy, and patient education. Chiropractors primarily use spinal manipulation and adjustments. Your healthcare provider can help determine the best approach for your specific needs.

What qualifications should I look for in a physiotherapist?

Look for a licensed and registered physiotherapist with the appropriate regulatory body in your country or state. This would be the UK Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC). Additionally, consider their experience with your specific condition and any specialized certifications they may hold in areas relevant to your needs.

Using physiotherapy that works 

At CK Physio we value the point of getting things right and when you’re in pain, we respect that you want to find a suitable solution fast!  

Ultimately the best technique will be the one that provides you with long-lasting results and the greatest satisfaction.

With many years of experience, our physiotherapists are there to direct you in your time of need so that you can feel confident that you’re receiving the best treatment possible.

Under the current circumstances of the pandemic, initially, we invite you to have a virtual assessment. This enables both you and our Physiotherapists to remain safe, whilst fully exploring the physiotherapy techniques and approaches best suited to you.   

You can gain access to your virtual consultation via our online booking form. 

Remember there’s no such thing as a silly question! So use this session to ask questions and talk through the various requirements you may have before visiting our clinic.